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Armenia in 2025: Ambition, overreach and the limits of multi-vector diplomacy

The year 2025 will be remembered in Armenia’s recent history as one of bold ambition, but also of exposed vulnerabilities. Following the traumatic loss of Artsakh, Yerevan embarked on a strategy of unprecedented diplomatic recalibration. Under Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Armenia sought to diversify its alliances, simultaneously engaging Washington, Brussels, Baku and Ankara, while managing a strained and increasingly unreliable relationship with Moscow.  The intent was clear: no single

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Xavier Villar

Xavier Villar is a Spanish researcher based in Tehran. He focuses on political Islam, particularly at the intersection of political theology and the Islamic Republic of Iran. He holds a Ph.D. in Middle Eastern studies and has built his expertise through years of research on religion, politics and society in the region. He is currently writing a book on Khomeini and the political from a critical perspective.

One Comment

  1. Armenia’s geography dictates its foreign policy like it has done throughout history.

    Armenia located in the Caucasus has always been influenced and has influenced various nations and civilizations. From Persians and Romans, to Turks, Georgians, Russians, etc.

    The geographical location, a literal cross road between civilizations and nations can also serve as a metaphorical foundation for Armenia’s foreign and even domestic policies.

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